{
  pkgs,
  lib,
  optimizeWithFlags,
  ...
}:
let
  models = [
    rec {
      name = "DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-14B-IQ4_XS";
      filename = src.name;
      context_length = 131072;
      gen_length = 32768;
      src = pkgs.fetchurl {
        url = "https://huggingface.co/bartowski/DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-14B-GGUF/resolve/main/DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-14B-IQ4_XS.gguf";
        sha256 = "031b190e7aa81770b5d069de181dcfe4b284bf5d75fa12f82f5e54a3178adcfd";
      };
    }
  ];

  gpt4all_package = (
    optimizeWithFlags
      (pkgs.gpt4all.overrideAttrs (old: {
        patches = old.patches ++ [
          ./disable-settings-err.patch
          ./disable-version-check.patch
        ];
      }))
      # compile flags
      [
        "-O3"
        "-march=native"
        "-mtune=native"
      ]
  );

  system_prompt = "You are a helpful and harmless assistant. You should think step-by-step.";
  chat_name_prompt = "Make a 3 word headline for this conversation";
in
{
  home.packages = [
    gpt4all_package
  ];

  home.file =
    lib.recursiveUpdate
      {
        ".config/nomic.ai/GPT4All.ini".text =
          ''
            [General]
            chatTheme=Dark
            suggestionMode=Off
            threadCount=8
            userDefaultModel=${
              # select the first element of `models` to be the default model
              (builtins.elemAt models 0).name
            }

            [download]
            lastVersionStarted=${gpt4all_package.version}
          ''
          + (lib.concatMapStringsSep "\n" (model: ''
            [model-${model.name}]
            contextLength=${builtins.toString model.context_length}
            filename=${model.filename}
            maxLength=${builtins.toString model.gen_length}
            promptBatchSize=256
            chatNamePrompt=${chat_name_prompt}
            systemMessage="${
              # replace newlines with the string literal "\n" for gpt4all to properly parse
              builtins.replaceStrings [ "\n" ] [ "\\n" ] system_prompt
            }"
          '') models)
          + ''

            [network]
            isActive=false
            usageStatsActive=false

            [localdocs]
            fileExtensions=${
              lib.concatStringsSep ", " [
                "docx"
                "pdf"
                "txt"
                "md"
                "rst"
                "rs"
              ]
            }
          '';
      }
      (
        builtins.listToAttrs (
          map (f: {
            name = ".local/share/nomic.ai/GPT4All/${f.filename}";
            value.source = f.src;
          }) models
        )
      );
}