diff --git a/modules/impermanence.nix b/modules/impermanence.nix
index 6d78b55..5849d47 100644
--- a/modules/impermanence.nix
+++ b/modules/impermanence.nix
@@ -20,14 +20,15 @@
       "/var/lib/nixos"
 
       "/var/lib/systemd/timers"
+
+      # ZFS cache directory - persisting the directory instead of the file
+      # avoids "device busy" errors when ZFS atomically updates the cache
+      "/etc/zfs"
     ];
 
     files = [
       # Machine ID
       "/etc/machine-id"
-
-      # ZFS cache
-      "/etc/zfs/zpool.cache"
     ];
 
     users.${username} = {