{
  config,
  lib,
  pkgs,
  ...
}:
let
  testServiceConfigs = {
    zpool_ssds = "";
    https = {
      domain = "test.local";
    };
    ports = {
      vaultwarden = 8222;
    };
    vaultwarden = {
      path = "/var/lib/vaultwarden";
    };
  };

  testLib = lib.extend (
    final: prev: {
      serviceMountWithZpool =
        serviceName: zpool: dirs:
        { ... }:
        { };
    }
  );

  vaultwardenModule =
    { config, pkgs, ... }:
    {
      imports = [
        (import ../services/bitwarden.nix {
          inherit config pkgs;
          lib = testLib;
          service_configs = testServiceConfigs;
        })
      ];
    };
in
pkgs.testers.runNixOSTest {
  name = "fail2ban-vaultwarden";

  nodes = {
    server =
      {
        config,
        lib,
        pkgs,
        ...
      }:
      {
        imports = [
          ../modules/security.nix
          vaultwardenModule
        ];

        # Disable ZFS mount dependencies
        systemd.services."vaultwarden-mounts".enable = lib.mkForce false;
        systemd.services."backup-vaultwarden-mounts".enable = lib.mkForce false;
        systemd.services.vaultwarden = {
          wants = lib.mkForce [ ];
          after = lib.mkForce [ ];
          requires = lib.mkForce [ ];
        };
        systemd.services.backup-vaultwarden = {
          wants = lib.mkForce [ ];
          after = lib.mkForce [ ];
          requires = lib.mkForce [ ];
        };

        # Override Vaultwarden settings for testing
        # - Listen on all interfaces (not just localhost)
        # - Enable logging at info level to capture failed login attempts
        services.vaultwarden.config = {
          ROCKET_ADDRESS = lib.mkForce "0.0.0.0";
          ROCKET_LOG = lib.mkForce "info";
        };

        # Override for faster testing and correct port
        services.fail2ban.jails.vaultwarden.settings = {
          maxretry = lib.mkForce 3;
          # In test, we connect directly to Vaultwarden port, not via Caddy
          port = lib.mkForce "8222";
        };

        networking.firewall.allowedTCPPorts = [ 8222 ];
      };

    client = {
      environment.systemPackages = [ pkgs.curl ];
    };
  };

  testScript = ''
    import time
    import re

    start_all()
    server.wait_for_unit("vaultwarden.service")
    server.wait_for_unit("fail2ban.service")
    server.wait_for_open_port(8222)
    time.sleep(2)

    with subtest("Verify vaultwarden jail is active"):
        status = server.succeed("fail2ban-client status")
        assert "vaultwarden" in status, f"vaultwarden jail not found in: {status}"

    with subtest("Generate failed login attempts"):
        # Use -4 to force IPv4 for consistent IP tracking
        for i in range(4):
            client.execute("""
                curl -4 -s -X POST 'http://server:8222/identity/connect/token' \
                  -H 'Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded' \
                  -H 'Bitwarden-Client-Name: web' \
                  -H 'Bitwarden-Client-Version: 2024.1.0' \
                  -d 'grant_type=password&username=bad@user.com&password=badpass&scope=api+offline_access&client_id=web&deviceType=10&deviceIdentifier=test&deviceName=test' \
                  || true
            """)
            time.sleep(0.5)

    with subtest("Verify IP is banned"):
        time.sleep(3)
        status = server.succeed("fail2ban-client status vaultwarden")
        print(f"vaultwarden jail status: {status}")
        # Check that at least 1 IP is banned
        match = re.search(r"Currently banned:\s*(\d+)", status)
        assert match and int(match.group(1)) >= 1, f"Expected at least 1 banned IP, got: {status}"

    with subtest("Verify banned client cannot connect"):
        # Use -4 to test with same IP that was banned
        exit_code = client.execute("curl -4 -s --max-time 3 http://server:8222/ 2>&1")[0]
        assert exit_code != 0, "Connection should be blocked"
  '';
}